แนวทางการวางผังเมืองที่ส่งเสริมการระบายอากาศของเมืองอุทัยธานี

บทคัดย่อ

The study of ventilation patterns in urban areas of Uthai Thani Province focus on 3 objectives. These are included (1) to study urban forms, urban physical characteristics and urban ventilated patterns in Uthai Thani, (2) to evaluate impacts of the Uthai Thani master plan on the urban climate and (3) to suggest guidelines for urban planning that encourage ventilation in the urban areas. In order to address the objectives, the meteorological information including temperature, wind velocity and wind direction are acquired by 10 meteorological machines in which set to record meteorological data during August 2555 B.C. These machines were systematically distributed around urban areas by separating into 2 times. First duration from 1st to 10th of August all machines recording data for a set of location around urban areas. And second duration from 11th to 20th of August all machines were moved to others locations so that the study could get meteorological data sets form totally 20 measurement points. Then sets of data are used to analyze ventilated patterns and also affect of urban forms to urban ventilation. The result can be presented that Uthai Thani physical characteristics are presented by a north-south range of mountain on the west while in the east there is the Shakhegrun River flowing from north to south. The majority land use in the east and the south are agriculture as well as in the north of the urban areas. According to the physical characteristics of Uthai Thani, the ventilated patterns of Uthai Thani has been blow in from the south-west and the east to the north. With respect to the buildings, Uthai Thani has had almost low buildings with approximately 3-4 meters. These features result in a uniform of wind velocity between urban areas and its outside areas. However, Uthai Thani still has been in a progress of urban development, therefore; the determination of patterns of buildings which harmonize with the ventilated patterns is required in order to avoid the ventilated problems in the future. This study has proposed 2 issues that need to be taken into consideration. Firstly, the conformity of land use types; the agriculture in the east and south of the urban areas is the mainly land use type that need to จ be preserved. The expansion of the urban areas can be allowed to develop in the north of the old city. Secondly, the transportation routes are also needed to be harmonious with the ventilated patterns of Uthai Thani. Due to the fact that wind blows from south and east to north therefore the routes should be parallel with the wind direction. In this study, the principle guideline for construction is suggested. This is included building height designation, building gap designation, and building width designation. Regarding building height designation, it can be separated by 2 cases: as follows, The case of building being adjacent to the road, the building height (H) should not over tan 60 degree * the road width (W). Another case which is building being far from the road, the height should not over tan 60 degree * (the road width (W) + distance from building to the nearest road (D)) Regarding building gap and building width designation, these can be proposed in 4 categories; as follows, (A) The case of building being adjacent to the road and the building height not over 60 meters. The building gap (S) can be defined as S ? 25/100*(tan 60*H) and the building width (L) can be defined as L ? tan 71.565 * S (B) The case of building being adjacent to the road and the building height over 60 meters. The building gap (S) can be defined as S ? 33.3/100*(tan 60*H) and the building width (L) can be defined as L ? tan 63.435 * S (C) The case of building being far from the road and the building height not over 60 meters. The building gap (S) can be defined as S ? 25/100*(tan 60*H+D) and the building width (L) can be defined as L ? tan 71.565 * S (D) The case of building being far from the road and the building height over 60 meters. The building gap (S) can be defined as S ? 33.3/100*(tan 60*H+D) and the building width (L) can be defined as L ? tan 63.435 * S

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