การยับยั้งเชื้อแบคทีเรียและการต้านรังสียูวีของผ้าย้อมจากสีธรรมชาติในท้องถิ่นภาคใต้

บทคัดย่อ

The objective of this study is to develop of cotton and silk fabric dyeing with multifunctional plant dye from stink bean pod (Parkia speciosa), djenkol bean pod (Archidendron jiringa Nielsen), mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana Linn), betel palm shell (BP), cassava leaf (CL) and sea almond leaves (SA) in southern Thailand. The mordant are aluminum potassium sulfate, ferrous chloride, sodium hydroxide and Songkla lake mud were used to dye fabric using meta-mordanting methods. The color fastness to washing, water, perspiration, light, crocking and hot pressing of the dyed samples was determined according to AATCC test methods. In this study the UV-protection properties were investigated on cotton fabrics. The chemical functional groups of the dyes that were characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Transmittance measurements were used to calculate the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). Our results revealed that all stink beans dyed cotton fabric exhibited fair to good fastness to washing and crocking, good to very good hot pressing fastness. The water and perspiration fastness ratings were fair to good. Djenkol bean pod dyed cotton fabric exhibited fair to good and good to very good fastness to washing crocking and hot pressing, which rating were fair to good light fastness. The water and perspiration fastness ratings were good to very good. Mangosteen pericarp dyed cotton fabric exhibited fair to good and good to very good fastness to washing and crocking, good to very good hot pressing fastness, fair to very good light fastness, except for fabric mordanted with sodium hydroxide. The water and perspiration fastness ratings were good to very good, except for fabric mordanted with aluminum potassium sulfate. That all betel palm shell dyed silk fabric exhibited good to very good fastness to washing, water, crocking, perspiration and hot pressing fastness. The rating was fair fastness to light. Cassava leaf dyed silk fabric exhibited fair to good fastness to washing and crocking, good to very good water and hot pressing fastness. The light fastness ratings were fair to good. The cotton fabric dyed with stink bean pod without mordant, mordanted with NaOH and ferrous chloride against bacteria in the presence of S. aureus were 0%, 53.66% and 70.00% respectively; against bacteria in the presence of E. coli were 20.33%, 60.66% and 77.66% respectively. Cotton fabric dyed with djenkol bean pod without mordant, mordanted with NaOH จ and ferrous chloride against bacteria in the presence of S. aureus were 53.66%, 66.60% and 96.66% respectively; against bacteria in the presence of E. coli were 58.66%, 78.00% and 99.33% respectively. Cotton fabric dyed with mangosteen pericarp without mordant, mordanted with NaOH and ferrous chloride against bacteria in the presence of S. aureus were 20.66%, 57.60% and 77.33% respectively; against bacteria in the presence of E. coli were 24.66%, 62.00% and 97.33% respectively. The silk fabric mordanted with ferrous chloride dyed with BP, CL and SA extract reduced the number of E. coli bacteria were 100%, 100% and 100% respectively. The silk fabric mordanted with ferrous chloride dyed with BP, CL and SA extract reduced the number of S. aureus bacteria were 100%, 99.4% and 100% respectively. The UV protection characteristics were also excellent protection. These extracts gave polyphenols, gallic acid and carboxylic acid contents. Therefore, it was suggested that natural dye in southern Thailand has the potential in producing functional dyes that could be imparted into the cotton and silk dyeing natural colourant system.

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